#DiabeticRetinopathy
| #DiabetesCongress2019 | #December 3-4, 2019 #Tokyo _Japan
Diabetes and diabetes-related complications are on the rise. India and China are global leaders having the highest number of people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Diabetes, a multisystem disease, can affect small blood vessels (eye, kidney and nerves) larger blood vessels in the body (heart and brain).
Diabetes can cause vision loss and blindness affecting various parts of the eye. Studies say Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) could potentially be an epidemic in India in future, given the increasing number of diabetics, especially in urban areas.The Diabetes Atlas, 2015, published by the International Diabetes Federation said that 8.7% Indians — around seven crore — are diabetic. The number is expected to go up to 12 crore by 2040.
As per data from various epidemiological and screening programmes, the proportion of diabetic eye diseases in people with DM include refractive errors in 60% (needing power glasses), cataract in 40%, glaucoma 5% and Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) affecting small vessels of retina in 20%. LVPEI being a tertiary referral centre, about 70% of OPD patients are those suffering from DR. And out of all DR patients, 30-40% have irreversible vision loss.
Management of DR:
The three important numbers to remember in the management of DR are:
• Hba1c (Glycosylated Haemoglobin) level should be ≤ 7 gm%. Hba1c levels help us to know the three months control of diabetes. It also has an advantage as its estimation is not influenced by food intake
• Blood pressure levels should be at ≤ 130/80 mm of Hg
• Serum lipid levels should be normal
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